Uburyo bwo gukemura ikibazo cy’ “guhagarika imodoka bigoranye” n’ “guhagarika imodoka bihenze” mu mijyi minini ni ikibazo gikomeye. Mu ngamba zo gucunga uburyo bwo guterura no guparika imodoka zashyizwe ahagaragara ahantu hatandukanye, imicungire y’ibikoresho byo guparika imodoka yashyizwe ahagaragara. Muri iki gihe, kubaka ahantu ho guterura no kwimura imodoka ahantu hatandukanye bihura n’ingorane nyinshi nko kugorwa no kwemezwa, kudasobanutse neza kw’inyubako, no kutagira ibyo gushishikariza. Abahanga mu nganda basabye ko ingamba zishyirwaho zirushaho kunozwa.
Raporo yatanze amakuru afatika agaragaza ko hari ibikoresho byo guterura no guparika biri gukoreshwa muri Guangzhou kuva kuri mirongo itatu kugeza kuri mirongo ine gusa, kandi umubare w'aho guparika uri hasi cyane ugereranije n'uwa Shanghai, Beijing, Xi'an, Nanjing, ndetse na Nanning. Nubwo Guangzhou yongereyeho ahantu ho guparika harenga 17.000 mu mwaka ushize, henshi muri yo ni "ububiko bwapfuye" bwubatswe n'abashinzwe ubucuruzi bw'amazu ku giciro gito kugira ngo barangize imirimo yo gutanga aho guparika. Hari byinshi byangiritse kandi aho guparika biragoye. Muri rusange, ahantu ho guparika hasanzwe ho guterura no guparika muri Guangzhou ntabwo ari 11% by'aho guparika hose.
Impamvu y’iki kibazo irashishikaje. Kuzamura no kwimura ibikoresho byo guparika bifite inyungu muri Guangzhou mu bijyanye n’ingaruka, ikiguzi, igihe cyo kubaka n’inyungu ku ishoramari, kandi kimwe mu bibazo by’iterambere rikomeye ni ukudasobanutse neza. Nk’uko abahanga mu nganda babivuga, sisitemu yo guterura no kunyerera, cyane cyane imiterere y’icyuma ibonerana, ifatwa nk’imashini zidasanzwe ku rwego rw’igihugu. Igomba kwemezwa n’ishami rishinzwe kugenzura ubuziranenge. Ibikoresho byo guparika bifite imiterere itatu bigomba gushyirwa mu micungire y’ibikoresho byihariye, ariko bisaba amashami menshi. Ibi bizatuma inzira zo kwemeza zitinda cyane, bivuze ko niba atari ibikoresho byo guparika munsi y’ubutaka, gareji ifite imiterere itatu yo hasi iracyafatwa kandi igacungwa nk’inyubako, kandi ikibazo cy’ibisobanuro by’umutungo kiracyari.
Nibyo koko ntibivuze ko ibikoresho byo guterura no guparika ku ruhande bishobora kugabanya urwego rw'ubuyobozi mu buryo budasubirwaho, ariko ntibikwiye kugabanya uburyo bwo gucunga imbogamizi ibangamira iterambere risanzwe. Bishobora kuvugwa ko ibibazo bijyanye no kwemeza bigoranye kandi buhoro, cyangwa "uburemere" bw'ibitekerezo by'ubuyobozi n'uburyo bwo gucunga, bidashobora kwirengagizwa. Hamwe n'igisubizo cy'ibibazo byo guparika biri hafi kuba kandi imijyi myinshi mu gihugu yasobanuye neza imiterere y'ibikoresho byihariye byo guterura no kwimura kandi ikaba yaratanze uburenganzira bwo kwemeza, "nyinabukwe" wo kwemeza no gucunga ibikoresho byo guterura no kwimura imodoka bigomba kugabanuka kugira ngo hirindwe ko byemezwa kenshi. Ubuyobozi bugamije kunoza imikorere y'ibyo byemejwe.
Ikindi kibazo kigomba gukemurwa ni uko ibikoresho byo guterura no guparika ku ruhande ari ibikoresho byihariye bifite imiterere y'icyuma yuzuye. Ni inyubako idahoraho. Ishobora kubakwa hakoreshejwe ubutaka butagira aho buhuriye. Iyo imikoreshereze y'ubutaka ihindutse, ishobora kwimurirwa ahandi. Kuvugurura umutungo w'ubutaka butagira aho buhuriye ni ingamba zo kungurana ibitekerezo. Ariko, urwego rw'ubutaka butagira aho buhuriye n'ubutaka ntirushobora gusabwa kugira ngo rwemerwe guterura no kwimura aho hantu ho guparika, ariko urwego ntirushobora kurengwa. Ibi bisaba gutegura gahunda, kandi amabwiriza ajyanye nayo agomba koroshywa. By'umwihariko, hashingiwe ku byiza by'uko ahantu ho guparika imodoka zo guterura no guparika imodoka zongerwa inshuro nyinshi ugereranyije n'ibikoresho bisanzwe byo guparika, inkunga y'umwihariko igomba gutangwa muri politiki. Byongeye kandi, kugaragaza ibikoresho byo guparika imodoka nk'inyubako bizagira ingaruka ku gipimo cy'ubutaka mu mishinga y'ubutaka kandi bigaca intege abahanga mu by'ubutaka. Ibi bigomba gukemurwa kugira ngo abaturage n'abaturage bashishikarizwe kwitabira cyane mu bwubatsi.
Igihe cyo kohereza: 14 Nyakanga-2023